New York Default Divorce — What to Do When Your Spouse Won't Respond (2026)

Your spouse was served. 20 days have passed. No response. You can proceed with a default divorce in New York.


What Is a New York Default Divorce?

A default occurs when the defendant fails to appear or respond within 20 days of personal service (30 days if served by mail). Once you've obtained a default, you can proceed to finalize the divorce without your spouse's participation.


Step-by-Step: New York Default Divorce

Step 1 — File and Serve

File UD-1 and UD-2 at the County Clerk. Serve your spouse through a process server or other qualified person.

Response deadline: 20 days after personal service (30 days by mail).

Step 2 — Wait for Deadline

After the deadline passes with no response or appearance, proceed.

Step 3 — Obtain Default

File a Request for Judicial Intervention (RJI) if not already filed. File papers requesting the court note the default. In New York, this process varies by county — some require a formal motion for default judgment, others use a simpler procedure. Check with your county's Matrimonial Clerk.

Step 4 — Complete Your Proposed Judgment

Prepare your proposed Judgment of Divorce with the terms you're requesting. Complete all UD forms. Proposed terms must be reasonable — judges review default divorces carefully.

If children are involved: include custody arrangement, Parenting Plan, and child support calculation. The best interest standard applies regardless of whether your spouse appeared.

Step 5 — Submit Default Package

Submit your complete packet to the Matrimonial Clerk. Most New York uncontested and default divorces are processed "on the papers" without a hearing.

Step 6 — Receive Signed Judgment

Court reviews and mails signed Judgment.

Step 7 — File and Serve Notice of Entry

File Judgment with County Clerk. Serve Notice of Entry on your spouse (even in default cases). Get certified copies.


Service by Publication (Spouse Can't Be Found)

If you cannot locate your spouse after diligent search:

  1. File a motion for permission to serve by publication
  2. Document your diligent search attempts
  3. Court authorizes publication
  4. Publish in a newspaper of general circulation once per week for a specified period (typically 3–4 weeks)
  5. Respondent has 30 days after final publication to respond

Cost: approximately $200–$500 in newspaper fees plus court costs.


Timeline and Cost

StageTime
FilingDay 1
ServiceDay 1–14
Response deadlineDay 21–31
Default paperwork1–2 weeks
Court processing4–20 weeks (varies by county)
Total typical time (upstate)2–4 months
Total typical time (NYC)4–7 months
ExpenseCost
Index number fee$210
Note of Issue fee$30–$95
Process server$50–$150
Publication (if needed)$200–$500
Certified copies$25–$75

Last reviewed: March 2026

Last reviewed: March 2026 · Verify current fees and forms with your local court before filing.